Perl 批量添加Copyright版权信息

1. 使用Perl单行命令

基本添加（文件开头）：

perl -i.bak -pe 'print "Copyright (c) 2024 Your Company. All rights reserved.\n\n" if $. == 1' *.pl

智能添加（仅当不存在时）：

perl -i.bak -pe '
    if ($. == 1 && !/^#.*Copyright/) {
        print "# Copyright (c) 2024 Your Company\n";
        print "# All rights reserved\n\n";
    }
    print;
' *.pl

2. 完整的Perl脚本

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

my $copyright = <<'COPYRIGHT';
###########################################################################
# Copyright (c) 2024 Your Company Name
# All rights reserved.
# 
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
#    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
#    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
#    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
###########################################################################

COPYRIGHT

my @extensions = qw(.pl .pm .t);
my @files = @ARGV;

foreach my $file (@files) {
    # 检查文件扩展名
    next unless grep { $file =~ /\Q$_\E$/ } @extensions;

    # 读取文件内容
    open my $in, '<', $file or warn "Cannot read $file: $!" and next;
    my @lines = <$in>;
    close $in;

    # 检查是否已包含版权信息
    my $first_line = $lines[0] // '';
    if ($first_line =~ /copyright/i) {
        print "$file already has copyright notice. Skipping.\n";
        next;
    }

    # 添加版权信息
    open my $out, '>', $file or warn "Cannot write $file: $!" and next;
    print $out $copyright;
    print $out @lines;
    close $out;

    print "Added copyright to $file\n";
}

# 如果没有指定文件，处理当前目录
if (!@files) {
    find_files('.');
}

sub find_files {
    my ($dir) = @_;
    opendir my $dh, $dir or die "Cannot open directory $dir: $!";
    while (my $entry = readdir $dh) {
        next if $entry =~ /^\./;  # 跳过隐藏文件

        my $path = "$dir/$entry";
        if (-d $path) {
            find_files($path) unless $entry =~ /^\.{1,2}$/;
        } elsif (-f $path) {
            process_file($path);
        }
    }
    closedir $dh;
}

sub process_file {
    my ($file) = @_;
    # ... 同上文件处理逻辑 ...
}

3. 更高级的版本（支持Shebang）

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

my $copyright = <<'COPYRIGHT';
# Copyright (c) 2024 Your Company Name
# All rights reserved.
COPYRIGHT

sub add_copyright {
    my ($file) = @_;

    open my $fh, '<', $file or return;
    my @lines = <$fh>;
    close $fh;

    # 查找插入位置（在shebang之后）
    my $insert_pos = 0;
    if ($lines[0] && $lines[0] =~ /^#!/) {
        $insert_pos = 1;

        # 如果shebang后有空白行，跳过空白行
        while ($lines[$insert_pos] && $lines[$insert_pos] =~ /^\s*$/) {
            $insert_pos++;
        }
    }

    # 检查是否已有版权信息
    for (my $i = 0; $i < @lines && $i < 10; $i++) {
        if ($lines[$i] =~ /copyright/i) {
            print "$file: Already has copyright (line $i)\n";
            return;
        }
    }

    # 插入版权信息
    splice @lines, $insert_pos, 0, 
        ($insert_pos > 0 ? "\n" : ""), 
        $copyright, 
        "\n";

    # 写回文件
    open my $out, '>', $file or return;
    print $out @lines;
    close $out;

    print "$file: Copyright added\n";
}

# 使用示例
if (@ARGV) {
    add_copyright($_) for @ARGV;
} else {
    # 处理当前目录所有Perl文件
    my @files = glob("*.pl *.pm *.t");
    add_copyright($_) for @files;
}

4. 带配置文件的版本

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Getopt::Long;

my %config = (
    year => 2024,
    company => "Your Company",
    recursive => 0,
    backup => 1,
    extensions => ['pl', 'pm', 't'],
    exclude => [],
);

GetOptions(
    'year=i'    => \$config{year},
    'company=s' => \$config{company},
    'recursive' => \$config{recursive},
    'backup!'   => \$config{backup},
    'ext=s'     => \@{$config{extensions}},
    'exclude=s' => \@{$config{exclude}},
);

my $copyright = generate_copyright($config{year}, $config{company});

sub generate_copyright {
    my ($year, $company) = @_;
    return <<"END_COPYRIGHT";
# Copyright (c) $year $company
# All rights reserved.
# This software is protected by copyright law and international treaties.
# Unauthorized reproduction or distribution may result in civil and criminal penalties.
END_COPYRIGHT
}

# ... 其余处理逻辑与上面类似 ...

使用建议：

快速使用方法：

# 简单添加
perl -i.bak -pe 'print "# Copyright 2024 Your Company\n\n" if $. == 1' *.pl

# 使用脚本
perl add_copyright.pl --year=2024 --company="My Corp" --recursive .

选择适合你需求的方案，并根据实际情况调整版权信息内容和格式。